Less is More: Writing the Abstract

for Empirical Study • One sentence that presents the problem under investigation Abstract for Empirical Study • The participants: age, sex, and ethnic/racial group. • In animal research, make sure you specify genus and species.for Empirical Study • The participants: age, sex, and ethnic/racial group. • In animal research, make sure you specify genus and species. Abstract for Empirical Study • Essential features of study method.for Empirical Study • Essential features of study method. • You have a word limit, so make sure your description highlights essential and interesting features of the study methodology, particularly those certain to be employed per digital searches. Abstract for Empirical Study • Present the basic findings: include size, confidant intervals and/or statistical significance levels.for Empirical Study • Present the basic findings: include size, confidant intervals and/or statistical significance levels. Abstract for Empirical Study • Don’t forget the conclusions and the implications or applications.for Empirical Study • Don’t forget the conclusions and the implications or applications. Abstract for Literature Review • Problem under investigation.for Literature Review • Problem under investigation. Abstract for Literature Review • Study eligibility criteriafor Literature Review • Study eligibility criteria Abstract for Literature Review • Type(s) of participants included in primary studies.for Literature Review • Type(s) of participants included in primary studies. Abstract for Literature Review • Main resultsfor Literature Review • Main results Abstract for Literature Review • Conclusions (including limitations)for Literature Review • Conclusions (including limitations) Abstract for Literature Review • Implications for theory, policy, and/or practice.for Literature Review • Implications for theory, policy, and/or practice. Abstract for Methodological Study • General class of methods being discussed.for Methodological Study • General class of methods being discussed. Abstract for Methodological Study • Essential features of the proposed method.for Methodological Study • Essential features of the proposed method. Abstract for Methodological Study • Range of application of the proposed method.for Methodological Study • Range of application of the proposed method. Abstract for Methodological Study • For statistical procedures, provide some of the essential features (power efficiency, etc.)for Methodological Study • For statistical procedures, provide some of the essential features (power efficiency, etc.) Elements of the Abstract • Indicates what you found. Elements of the Abstract • States what you concluded from the findings of your study. • This element may also include the implications of the study or significance of the study. Questions that Drive the Abstract • Who is your audience? • Advisor? • Committee? • Peers? • Journal? • Scholars in the field? Questions that Drive the Abstract • What impression do you want to make on your audience? • How will your audience view you and your work after reading the abstract? • Will they be encouraged to read on? 4 Paths the Abstract Can Take 1. Introducing purpose. • What is your intention, main idea, of hypothesis? • In other words, what’s the purpose? • You can also include a direct statement of the main goals of objectives of the research or problem that drove the research. 4 Paths the Abstract Can Take 2. Describing the Methodology • Describe the design, procedures, or method you used to conduct the research 4 Paths the Abstract Can Take 3. Summarizing Results • Limit this approach to the thesis/project that involves observations, discoveries, or solutions to a problem. • This path works well when you have collected data. 4 Paths the Abstract Can Take 4. Presenting Conclusions • Interpret results and suggests implications of the research.